As of the census of 2000, there were 52,360 people, 21,090 households, and 13,117 families residing in the city. The population density was 4,832.0 people per square mile (1,865.0/km²). There were 22,336 housing units at an average density of 2,061.3/sq mi (795.6/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 74.15% white, 16.29% African American, 0.24% Native American, 2.91% Asian American, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 3.57% from other races and 2.79% from two or more races. 9.09% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There were 21,090 households out of which 28.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.9% were married couples living together, 15.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.8% were non-families. 31.0% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 3.06.
In the city the population was spread out with 23.1% under the age of 18, 9.7% from 18 to 24, 31.2% from 25 to 44, 21.8% from 45 to 64, and 14.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 91.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.2 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $42,393, and the median income for a family was $51,631. Males had a median income of $38,024 versus $30,610 for females. The per capita income for the city was $21,121. About 6.6% of families and 8.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.8% of those under age 18 and 6.0% of those age 65 or over.
Interstate 95, Route 34 (also known as Derby Avenue), and U.S. Route 1 (the Boston Post Road) run through West Haven, between Orange and New Haven. Route 162, which both begins and ends at Route 1, starts in Orange, passes through West Haven, and ends in Milford. A north-south state road, Route 122, begins in New Haven, comprising Forest Road, a stretch of Campbell Avenue and First Avenue up to the junction with I-95. Route 745 begins at that point, turns west at Elm Street and continues into New Haven, ending at Route 10 (Ella T. Grasso Boulevard).
Public transportation is provided by Connecticut Transit New Haven. West Haven Center is served by the various B routes (main service along Campbell Avenue). The B4 service continues to Saw Mill Road and Bull Hill Lane; the B5/B6 services run along Jones Hill Road and terminate at the Baybrook Shopping Center near Oyster River; the B7 service continues to Savin Rock via Second Avenue. The J routes run along the West Haven shore towards Milford. The O route serves the areas along Route 1. The M route serves the Veterans Affairs Hospital.
A rail line, used by Metro-North Railroad and Amtrak, runs through West Haven. The nearest stations are in New Haven and Milford. As of 2006, the Connecticut Department of Transportation was considering building a Metro-North station in West Haven, across from the former Armstrong factory, and in Orange, near the Bayer campus. Recently West Haven has received funds for the station.
Tweed-New Haven Regional Airport is the closest facility offering scheduled air service to West Haven.